El mapa de la revolución de la edición genética
El CRISPR Atlas
Explora las tecnologías, tratamientos, enfermedades, científicos, empresas, ensayos clínicos y descubrimientos que están dando forma al futuro de la medicina genética.
Explorar la edición genética
Siete formas en que los científicos modifican el material genético. Cada página comienza con una explicación en lenguaje sencillo y luego profundiza tanto como quieras.
CRISPR-Cas9A protein that can be programmed with a short RNA guide to find one specific sequence in a genome and cut it.
Base EditingChemically converts one DNA letter into another at a chosen position, without cutting both strands of the double helix.
Prime EditingWrites a new stretch of DNA sequence directly into a chosen site, using a guide that carries the replacement text with it.
CRISPR-Cas12A family of CRISPR nucleases that cut DNA leaving staggered ends, use a different sequence requirement from Cas9, and can be smaller.
CRISPR-Cas13Targets RNA rather than DNA, so it can silence a gene's message without touching the genome itself.
Cas14 and miniature Cas systemsUnusually small CRISPR nucleases — roughly a third the size of Cas9 — discovered in archaea and bacteriophages.
RNA EditingChanges letters in the RNA message rather than in the DNA, so the effect is real but temporary and the genome is untouched.
Compáralas lado a ladoPrecisión, corte, tamaño de carga, administración, madurez, riesgos
Enfermedades en el punto de mira
Cada página de enfermedad indica claramente si la edición génica es un tratamiento aprobado, está en ensayos clínicos o sigue siendo solo una idea de laboratorio.
Sickle Cell DiseaseBlood disorders
Beta ThalassemiaBlood disorders
ATTR AmyloidosisMetabolic disease
Hereditary AngioedemaRare genetic disease
High Cholesterol and Familial HypercholesterolemiaCardiovascular disease
CancerCancer
Leukemia and LymphomaCancer
HIVInfectious disease
Duchenne Muscular DystrophyMuscular disease
Cystic FibrosisRare genetic disease
Tratamientos
Medicamentos con nombre propio, con el estado regulatorio indicado en cada registro.
Medicamentos de edición génica aprobados en el Atlas: Casgevy (exagamglogene autotemcel) · Lyfgenia (lovotibeglogene autotemcel) · Zynteglo (betibeglogene autotemcel)
Ensayos clínicos
Dónde se genera realmente la evidencia.
Empresas que debes conocer
Quién está desarrollando qué y en qué punto se encuentra cada programa.
CRSP · Zug, Switzerland
CRISPR Therapeutics
Co-founded by Emmanuelle Charpentier, and the company behind the first approved CRISPR…
NTLA · Cambridge, Massachusetts
Intellia Therapeutics
Co-founded by Jennifer Doudna, and the company that first delivered CRISPR into a human…
BEAM · Cambridge, Massachusetts
Beam Therapeutics
Founded by David Liu and colleagues to commercialise base editing — precision changes to…
EDIT · Cambridge, Massachusetts
Editas Medicine
One of the first CRISPR companies, which discontinued its cell-therapy and eye programmes…
PRME · Cambridge, Massachusetts
Prime Medicine
Founded to commercialise prime editing, and the company behind the first published…
Privado · Boston, Massachusetts
Verve Therapeutics
Built to turn heart disease into a one-time treatment, and acquired by Eli Lilly in 2025…
CRBU · Berkeley, California
Caribou Biosciences
Co-founded by Jennifer Doudna, using hybrid RNA-DNA guides intended to make editing…
SANA · Seattle, Washington
Sana Biotechnology
Engineering transplanted cells to be invisible to the immune system, so they can be given…
Científicos que cambiaron el campo
Lo que aportó cada persona — la atribución en este campo es objeto de debate, y señalamos dónde.
Jennifer DoudnaStructural biochemist who, with Emmanuelle Charpentier, showed that Cas9 could be programmed with a single guide RNA to cut chosen DNA — and shared the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for it.
Emmanuelle CharpentierMicrobiologist who discovered tracrRNA, the missing component of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, and shared the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Jennifer Doudna.
Feng ZhangBioengineer who led one of the first demonstrations of CRISPR genome editing in human cells and discovered several new CRISPR systems including Cas12a and Cas13.
David LiuChemical biologist whose laboratory invented base editing and prime editing — the two techniques that changed gene editing from cutting to writing.
George ChurchGeneticist whose laboratory independently demonstrated CRISPR editing in human cells in 2013, and a founder of an unusually large number of genomics companies.
Virginijus ŠikšnysLithuanian biochemist who independently showed that Cas9 could be programmed to cut DNA, publishing in 2012 — and whose contribution is often omitted from popular accounts.
Últimas noticias sobre edición génica
Artículos reales de editores identificados. Cada titular enlaza al original: nunca los reescribimos ni republicamos.
CRISPR explicado
Empieza desde el principio. No se necesitan conocimientos de biología.
Start here
What is DNA?
DNA is a long chemical chain that stores the instructions for building and running a living thing, written in…
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What is a gene?
A gene is a stretch of DNA that carries the instructions for making one particular thing the cell needs —…
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What is a chromosome?
A chromosome is one very long DNA molecule packaged with proteins; humans normally have 46, in 23 pairs.
Start here
What is a genome?
A genome is the complete set of genetic instructions in an organism — every chromosome, every gene, and…
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What is RNA?
RNA is DNA's working copy — a temporary, single-stranded version the cell makes when it needs to use a gene.
Start here
What is a mutation?
A mutation is a change in DNA sequence. Most do nothing, some cause disease, and a few are beneficial.
La edición genética en cifras
Datos en tiempo real de la base de datos del Atlas — son el número de registros que tenemos, no una estimación del tamaño del campo.
Los recuentos se actualizan con cada carga de página. «Aprobado» significa que un regulador nacional de medicamentos ha autorizado al menos un producto; no significa que la terapia esté disponible ni sea adecuada para ninguna persona en particular.
Pregunta al Atlas
Formula una pregunta en lenguaje sencillo. Las respuestas se elaboran únicamente a partir de los registros con fuentes de este sitio, y enlazan de vuelta a las páginas utilizadas.
La historia de la edición genética
Desde la estructura del DNA hasta el primer medicamento basado en CRISPR aprobado — los eventos que nos trajeron hasta aquí.
